As the mirror moves up out of the way when a photo is taken this will have no effect on your pictures. The amount of dirt that you describe does seem to indicate that the camera is very dirty. You should clean it carefully, use no oil, anywhere, get all the dust and particles you can out of the camera. If there is dirt in the film transport area this will probably scratch the film as you wind on each time. The only dirt that will come out on the photos is any that is on the film when the photo is taken; these will be different each photo, or any on the back of the lens; these will be the same on each photo, but different for a different lens. Cleaning "the black part" from the lens side... this is actually the shutter itself, and is made from very thin metal. If you have bent or damaged this when cleaning it, you will have probably scrapped the camera. This can be changed, but only really by a repair shop. Again, dirt on this, either side, will not appear on photos, but might fall onto the film during exposure, leaving under exposed dust marks. Shutter blades can get tangled up, and not work nicely, not close properly. Try pressing the shutter with the back open and the lens off, looking through and see if there are any light leaks when the shutter is supposed to be closed.
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