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Either the linkage has come loose(most are held in place with plastic caps) or the wiper motor arm has stripped. If you can see the linkage is moving, then the wiper arms are stripped.
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it sounds like the problem is the wiper motor if they work when you move them by hand.the motor probably has a bad spot in it,first try hooking up a jumper wire from the battery ground and the other end to the wiper motor body and make sure its a good ground at the motor.if the wipers work alright then permanently hook up a ground to the motor and body,as the motor will have a bad ground not allowing the wipers to work.
You know it sounds like a break in the linkage as the wiper motor will not usually let you freely move the wiper arms yourself. Generally there is an arm attached to the motor which in going around and around makes a side to side action in the wiper linkage. Without any more info I would suspect a failure in the ball joint connection between the wiper motor arm and the linkage. On a car that old most likely you should look around for a replacement used linkage on eBay or Craigslist. Once obtained, get yourself a repair manual or search on youtube for a video on how to remove and replace the linkage. there are many folks selling repair manuals on CD for about 10 bucks on eBay.
check and make sure it has ground if it dose your motor is shot but alot of times those motors are mounted on rubber so they have a hard time getting a good solid ground
WIPER ARM LINKAGE COULD BE BINDING.REMOVE WIPER ARM TO SEE IF WIPER MOTOR OPERATE SLOWLY.IF YES CHECK TO MAKE SURE WIPER MOTOR GETTING GOOD GROUND CONNECTIONS BY CHECKING MOVING WIRES .IF WIPER MOTOR SPEEDS UP YOU HAVE GROUND WIRE PROBLEM. IF WIPER MOTOR REMAIN SLOW GROUND WIRES CHECK OUT OKAY.REPLACE WIPER MOTOR.IF WIPER MOTOR RUN FAST NORMAL SPEED AFTER DISCONNECTING WIPER ARM.WIPER ARM LINKAGES IS BINDING OR NEED SOME LUBRICATION TRY WD40 SEE WHAT HAPPENS.LUBRICATION DONT HELP WIPER LINKAGE COULD BE DAMAGED.
CHECK FUSE IF FUSE GOOD.HOOK A JUMPER WIRE TO GROUND AND GROUND WIPER MOTOR.TURN WIPER SWITCH ON IF WIPERS WORKS YOU HAVE TO FIX GROUND CONNECTION. IF WIPER STILL DONT WORK.REMOVE THE COWL COVER.TURN WIPER SWITCH ON TO SEE IF POWER GOING TO WIPER MOTOR IF YES.REMOVE WIPER MOTOR HOTWIRE IT.IF WIPER MOTOR DONT WORK REPLACE IT.IF WIPER MOTOR DO WORK CHECK FOR BINDING OR DAMAGE LINKAGES.IF POWER NOT GOING TO WIPER MOTOR AND FUSE GOOD.WIPER SWITCH FAULTY OR IT HAS BROKEN WIRE FROM SWITCH TO WIPER MOTOR.
Turn the wipers on,and when they stop,peck on the wiper motor and see if they will come on.If they do replace the wiper motor,If they do not,replace the wiper switch.
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