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The most common reasons a Suzuki Grand Vitara speedometer isn't working are the vehicle speed sensor (VSS), a faulty speedometer, or an electrical issue.
You are correct in thinking if the speed sensor fails the check engine light should be on, and you should experience problems with the transmission. It sounds like just the speedo has failed.
If your car isn't moving, the speedometer wont work. Make sure you are moving.
Seriously, a little more info would be nice.....but to start with, the speedometer cable is connected to the back of the speedometer and to the transmission. Have you removed the ends to see if there is any damage? You should be able to spin the cable end on the transmission and get the speedometer to register a speed.
Disconnect the posative terminal then touch the terminal to the posative a few times quickly it will reset your odometer needle to above the resting pin. This happens because you moved your posative terminal and the needles spun around and sat on the wrong side of the pin.
If everything else works ok, the vehicle drives normally, and all the other gauges are working then you may have a bad speedometer servo motor. This servo is what actually moves the speedometer needle to match the speed you are driving at. The cluster would need to come out and be repaired to fix this problem if this is the case.
You are very lucky to have only knocked out the speedometer only. After having wrongly connected the battery, any attempt to start the engine, which it won't be able to do, the first notch turned by the key switches on the electrically operated instruments. Since this is DC voltage, the current flows in only one direction. The speed is indicated by the amount of current being generated in the potentiometer. Since the polarity got changed the current generated by the potentiometer to very high amperage since the battery is also supplying current(polarity change), the total current is much more that it can accept. Thus the coils of the potentiometer have burnt out. If only the can be replaced, do so, else change the entire speedometer assembly.........sodeep PS: Ask the repairman to check the fuse if it has one.
On my 1999 Cirrus the speedometer would work sometimes and other times not. Now not at all. The cruise control always works though. I have a shop manual and found that the instrument cluster has self diagnostics. Press in the digital odometer button and hold it. Then turn the ignition on without starting. The needles will then move to different positions, then each indicator light will come on one at a time. If the speedometer needle doesn't move during diagnostics, then you need to replace the circuit board that attaches to the back of the cluster. You can order one for just over $200 at http://www.discountmoparparts.net.
If your transmission fluid level is okay, then you need a new speedometer cable. Its not terribly difficult to replace, but it does require you to pull the instrument cluster. A local Hyundai dealership might be willing to photocopy the specific speedometer cable replacement instructions out of the 2004 Accent shop manual.
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