Matthias Hofmann suggested the X1=32.768KHZ crystal defective. How do I test this?
The purpose of a crystal is to regulate an oscillator circuit to the frequency of the crystal. It can also be used to filter a particular frequency from a mixed signal.
In an oscillator circuit, if the crystal is defective, the oscillator might still be working in an unregulated way or it might not work at all. If an oscillator circuit does not work it is just as likely to be one or more of the other components in the circuit that are faulty or a lack of supply current.
While there are probably modern solutions to the testing of a crystal-controlled oscillator or clock circuit, the original method would be to investigate the current supply to the circuit and check for function using an oscilloscope or a frequency counter. If the circuit seems ok but not oscillating the cystal is probably the easiest component to remove for testing, though it is probably easier and cheaper to simply replace it.
There are dedicated crystal testers available or it can be fitted to a known good oscillator circuit and checked as above. If the crystal is found to be ok (which is likely) the other components must be investigated/tested/replaced, which would be a highly specialised task and likely to be expensive.
Unless your motherboard is something really special and very expensive without many "miles on the clock" it is more practical, economic and convenient to consider the motherboard as a throw-away unit.
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