No charge going to battery and the dual fuse able link near battery has heat damage

How old is the battery? In general, vehicle batteries are considered 'old' after 5 years especially on bigger engines.
Using a volt meter or a multimeter set to Volts try this. With the engine off and the Keys out test the voltage directly on the battery. You should get a reading somewhere around 12.6 to 13.2 volts. Start the engine and retest the battery voltage. If the alternator is working correctly the reading should rise to somewhere around 13.6 to 14.2 volts.

Make sure battery has a full charge and battery connections all good. at the moment, I don't know if you have fusible links? Check your charging system. If battery is down we can't do any testing.
If the radio loses battery voltage, it may go into theft lock? As far as your interior lamps, I'd have to check the wiring diagrams. Any component or system that is fuse protected, not only check the fuse, check the fuse circuit for voltage, use a test lite. Some fuses are hot all the time, some go hot with key on.
Some vehicles if battery voltage is lost, there may be some modules that have to relearn or be reprogrammed?
I need year--make--model.

Look for a fuseable link in the wire harness. It is usually in a red wire and is more flexable that the wire it connects to.

The alternator needs power from the battery to energise the rotor, so without the dash lights the alternator is not charging. Check for a fuse link near the battery. Get the dash lights on and the charging fault will clear. Sorry I can't be more specific as to the dash problem.

Make sure battery has a full charge and battery connections all good, on both ends, not just at the battery. I looked at info for 4 cylinder engine. You can see the two fuses, not only check the fuses, use a test light and check voltage at fuse circuit. The main fuse is hot all the time. The starter fuse goes hot with key in start position, so you need a helper to turn the key while you check for voltage at the fuse. At the starter motor, two voltage circuits, one comes from the battery, hot all the time. The other circuit goes hot with key in the start position and is wired through clutch switch and starter relay. The starter motor grounds through the engine block. If good voltage and ground circuits at the starter motor and no action, have to check starter motor and make sure the engine isn't seized. Any testing at starter motor, make sure tranny is in park or neutral and parking brake is set.

That's none to the nth degree. A 1983 probably still had fusible links rather than today's maxi-fuses inside power distribution centers or boxes near the battery. The fusible links are the first connection after the battery and serve the same purpose as any old fuse, protection against overloads that can damage wiring or small electric motors or switches. They are designed to burn out before further or severe damage occurs. The fusible links should be close to the battery, since they carry larger currents, serving all the other components they distribute power to. Check to see if your car may even have a main fuse element, kind of like rather than several fusible links combine them into one main. Recall as how datsuns, hondas were like that.

Your battery connections must be clean and tight, with a good ground for the battery to send power through the wires. Start at the closest point and check it point by point. You'll find the problem.

CHECK ALTERNATOR FUSE.CHECK ALTERNATOR POSITIVE FEED WIRE SEE IF POWER GOING TO ALTERNATOR. IF NOT FUSE LINK AT STARTER BURN OUT OR THE SMALL BATTERY FEED WIRE TO ALTERNATOR BROKEN ON THE INSIDE. CHECK FOR DAMAGE VOLTAGE REGULATOR WIRES.IF ALL IS GOOD.DRIVE BELT NOT SLIPPING.BAD BATTERY CABLES WILL CAUSE POOR GROUND PROBLEMS THAT WILL EFFECT CHARGING CIRCUIT.

Check your clock and radio fuses at the fusebox if it got busted. If the fuses are intact, then you need a replacement for these items. They are damage by the
reversed polarity that happened.

There is a few fusable links that power that stuff. Did the fuses blow or they no longer have power to them. If the fusable link doesnt blow and there is a short then it will take out all your fuses. I had a fuseable link go and it killed everything.