There are MANY Linux operating systems. The main ones known are Ubuntu, Fedora, PC Linux OS, OpenSUSE, Cent OS, Linux Mint and Debian.
Debian is the mother or what Ubuntu and Linux Mint is built from. Debian is considered to be stable. Ubuntu is also supposed to be stable as is Linux Mint. The advantage of these two are ease of use. Debian, Linux Mint and Ubuntu are using .deb packages for applications to be installed.
OpenSUSE uses .rpm packages. It is also considered as stable, but not as widely used as Debian (and the other two) CentOS and Fedora.
CentOS is mainly used for Server purposes. However, in the installation, there are many types of installation options, including Desktop. CentOS is based on the Enterprise version of Red Hat. This is what mainly more and more websites are running off of as it is extremely STABLE and FAST!! So Cent OS is the free EXACT version of Red Hat. Fedora, is the test bed for Red Hat , carrying the LATEST technology being made available to anyone for free.
ALL of these operating systems, except Red Hat, are for FREE. All applications are for FREE. Just to let you know, Google also is using a Linux version for their phones now as well called Android, which you can also acquire for FREE.
The only disadvantage that used to exists until recent is that you could not play all the latest and greatest games on Linux. Now with Steam, you can play anything.
There is a myth that you could not install Windows applications on Linux. You can use Wine on Linux to install Microsoft Windows Applications. If you are having a problem, you are probably missing some files for wine to make it work properly.
Linux is also being used in cars. Check out Toyota and Mercedes Benz that is using Ubuntu. Linux is big and amazing.
Hope that answers your questions.
There also used to be the issue of hardware compatibility. For some distributions, this myth holds true. However, the ones mentioned above should work well for recent laptops.
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