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Not sure if I'm understanding. Is it stitching but the bobbin thread simply lays on the fabric surface? If this is the case. The top tension is too loose. Bobbin tension is usually altered only as a last resort since it is difficult to correct,. Tension is correct when both threads meet in the middle of the fabric. Tension is a tug-of-war between the two threads. When both threads have equal pull, you have achieved correct tension. So, in your case, if you tighten the top tension, it will pull the bobbin thread up.
However, if your machine is not creating stitches, you should try installing a brand new needle. If that doesn't help, then most likely your machine is out of time (needle & hook are out of sync) and needs service.
Tighten the top tension. Tension is a tug of war between the top and bobbin threads. Right now, the top thread is not applying any tug on the bobbin thread. The tension is correct when the two threads meet in the middle of the fabric. Tension is never static. When the project changes, you should probably check and readjust the tension.
You mean it is pulling the thread out of the needle?
Be sure to pull at least 5 inches of thread through the needle eye. Start out with the needle raised as high as possible and grasp both (top & bobbin) thread tails in your left hand as you "slowly" take the first couple of stitches.
Lift the pressue foot off the fabric. Hold the thread spool with one hand and lightly pull the thread hanging out the back of the needle. This should seat the tread into your top tension discs properly. Now try sewing again. If it still throws loops, you either do not have your machine threaded correctly or your tension on top is set to zero.
Not familiar with your machine, but an important suggestion for all sewing machines:
ALWAYS RAISE the presser foot when threading the top thread. If you did not do this, remove the top thread completely from the machine and start over by RAISING the presser foot and following the thread path. (Do NOT miss any thread guides or thread any out of order!)
Lower the presser foot and thread the needle. (The top thread will pull through the needle ONLY if the presser foot is raised!) RAISE the presser foot and pull at least 5 inches of thread through the needle. Insert your fabric. Lower the presser foot. Hold the thread tail gently in your left hand and with the right hand manually turn the handwheel one rotation. The needle should pull the bobbin thread up through the fabric.
While still holding the top thread tail, "sweep" under the presser foot with a stiletto, scissors, a nail file (anything that will fit under the presser foot) to pull the remaining bobbin thread tail above the fabric. Grab both thread tails and pull them under the presser foot toward the back of the machine. Now, you are ready to take your first stitch.
You can gently hold those thread tails while you slowly power the machine to take the first couple of stitches on your fabric.
A sewing machine operator can often help themselves when their machine does not operate properly. Here are some simple instructions, which if properly used can save time and mechanics service calls. TROUBLE;UPPER THREAD KEEPS BREAKING; This could be trouble;================Do this; 1.Top tension to tight================loosen tension 1 turn 2.Machine improperly threaded=========check threading 3.Thread twisted on guide post========" 4.Thread twisted out of tension=======" 5.Take up spring bent or broken=======Check action of spring 6.Thread jumped off pull off finger===Check threading 7.Needle bent or burred===============new needle 8.Bad cone of thread==================try another cone TROUBLE;LOWER THREAD KEEPS BREAKING; 1.Bobbin tensionspring to tight=======Loosen tension slightly 2.Bobbin threaded wrong===============check threading 3.Bobbin wound to tight or uneven=====try new bobbin 4.lint or thread on bobbin case=======clean inside case 5.Lint or thread inside hook==========clean inside hook 6.Bobbin case nicked bent or burred===check/change case TROUBLE;MACHINE STARTED SKIPPING STITCHES; 1.Needle bent or burred===============change 2.Needle set in crooked===============Check 3.Thread jumped off take up spring====check threading 4.Thread jumped off pull off finger===check threading TROUBLE STITCHES SHOWING LOOPS; 1.Forming loops on top of cloth=======Tighten bobbin tension ======================================or loosen top tension. 2.forming loops on bottom of cloth====Tighten top tension 3.Bobbin placed in case incorrectly===remove and replace 4.Bobbin thread slipped from under====check threading of tension===============================bobbin case 5.Lint or thread in top tension=======clean between tension discs
Probably your needle and bobbin thread tensions are too tight. Cotton thread breaks easily under tension. Use less pressure on the presser bar and a smaller stitch length may help.
#14 needle is way big for cotton napkin scrap. a #10 is good for most lightweight fabric. #14 is for sewing denim or levis, like that.
the tension problems on almost all machines regardless of price usually fall on the upper tension. the lower bobbin tension is factory set and it's rare you should ever need to mess with it.
if you have a drop in bobbin (top loading), tighten the adjustment screw all the way and then back it off 1/4 turn. if your machine uses a shuttle bobbin, tighten the adjustment screw all the way and then back it off in 1/4-turn increments until you can hold it in the air like a yo-yo and cause to bobbin case to fall slightly dipping your hand.
A dull needle and stitch length will also mess up your stitch. The idea is to narrow the problem down to one thing and one thing only -- UPPER THREAD TENSION.
So, if you have the right size needle for the job, with the right thread, and if your stitch length selection is correct (usually between 2 and 3 or 8-to-10 stitches per inch, the problem should be with your upper thread tension.
An easy way to fix this then is to remember: Loops on top, upper tension drop. Loops below, upper tension grow. If you get loops on top of your work, lower (drop) your upper thread tension to a lower number. If you get loops on the bottom, raise the upper thread tension.
Different stitches on the same machine will require different upper thread tension settings. Don't be afraid of it. Just remember the pneumonic: loops on top, tension drop, loops below, tension grow -- referring to upper thread tension.
Hi, Usually wrap-ups in the bobbin area are caused by the lack of tension on the top thread. The slack arm ( shinny lever that moves up and down while sewing) has to pull the loop around the bobbin case and it does so only if the tension on the top thread is sufficient to keep it from pulling more thread of the spool.
Try this: Thread the top of the machine all the way just short of the needle eye. When the presser foot is up the thread should pull through easily. Now drop the presser foot (this closes the tension discs) and pull the tread while adjusting the upper tension control.
If everything is working correctly you should feel the drag on the thread change if not something is keeping the discs from closing.
Most Janomes aren't too difficult to remove the nose cover, usually just one screw and you can get a look at the thread path. Look for thread wrapped around the mechanism.
Sorry, no easy answer but I hope this helps.
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