When I apply the brakes on my '02Dakota only the forward brake shoe moves against the drum. Have replaced wheel cylinder but makes no difference. Both shoes move when I loosen adjuster cable. Have this problem on both rear wheels. Everything is new. Drums, shoes, all hardware. Seems to be a lot of tension on the adjuster cable. This is causing a horrific squeal in rear brakes.

Your description sounds like the brakes are WAY out of adjustment. The brake cylinders need the shoes to hit the drum or they will do exactly what you describe. I always adjust the shoes until they lock the wheel, then back off until the wheel spins freely, usually 8 to 20 clicks.

Long shoe in the back,ilIllustration is at the bottom of the page for some reason,scroll down!
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Brake ShoesBrake DrumWheel CylinderBrake Lines and HosesBrake HardwareBearings & SealsThe Parking BrakeFlushing the System
Select a part to view solution for common problems associated with the item.Operation: Brake shoes provide the friction material that when forced against the friction surface of the drum stops the vehicle. Advice: Check the old brake shoes for uneven wear. Uneven wear from one side of the shoe to the other is an indication of loose or worn brake hardware. Uneven wear from the top of the shoe to the bottom is indication that the shoe is not contacting the drum correctly, usually due to a drum that is beyond wear specifications. Recommendations: Brake hardwareOperation: The brake drum provides the rotating friction surface for the brake shoes to interact with in stopping the vehicle. Advice: Check the friction surface for uneven wear, grooves or small stress cracks caused by excess heat. Uneven wear is an indication of lose or worn brake hardware. Grooves in the friction surface are an indication of brake shoes that have worn down to the metal rivets or brake shoe framework, or of debris lodged between the brake shoe and drum, possibly broken brake hardware. As long as the damage is not too severe, uneven wear can be corrected by resurfacing the drum. Check to make sure that the drum is within specifications before and after the resurfacing. A drum with heat stress cracks should be replaced. Recommendations: Resurface or replace the brake drums.Operation: The wheel cylinder converts the hydraulic pressure sent from the master cylinder into the mechanical force that pushes the brake shoes into contact with the brake drum to stop the vehicle. Advice: Check for moisture anywhere around the wheel cylinder. Moisture is an indication of a leaking wheel cylinder. A leaking wheel cylinder should be either rebuilt or replaced. If a wheel cylinder is allowed to leak brake fluid onto the new shoes, it will ruin the new shoes causing the brakes to grab and emit a growling or rumbling noise when applied. Recommendations: Rebuild or replace leaking wheel cylinders.Operation: The brake lines act as a conduit for the brake fluid, supplying each wheel with the hydraulic action necessary for brake operation. The system is made up predominantly with metal brake lines. Flexible hoses are used at the wheels to accomadate the movement of suspension and steering. Advice: Check metal brake lines for signs of corrosion, physical damage or leakage. Check flexible brake hoses for splits, cracking or signs of leakage. The brake lines are connected to the various brake components with hollow fittings called flare nuts or line fittings. Because flare nuts are hollow they are susceptible to damage if a normal open ended wrench is used to remove them. Flare nut wrenches, sometimes called line wrenches are special open ended wrenches designed to slide over the brake line and still provide maximum grip on all sides of the fitting. Apply a generous spray of penetrating oil to the threads of the fittings and allow it to soak in before loosening the fittings. Recommendations: Flare Nut Wrench set Penetrating sprayOperation: Brake hardware is a term used for all of the springs, clips, guide pins and other misc. pieces that hold the brake pads and calipers in place and guide their movement during brake application. Advice: Check for corroded, bent, worn out or broken springs, guide pins or clips. Damaged or worn out brake hardware can cause uneven wear on the new brake pads. To ensure the best results from your brake job, the brake hardware should be replaced with the new brake pads. Recommendations: Replace Brake hardwareOperation: The wheel bearings support the weight of the vehicle and allow the wheels to spin freely. Advice: All wheels will have some sort of bearing and a seal to hold in lubricant and keep out dirt. Some bearings are sealed in a hub assembly or pressed into an axle housing and can only be serviced by replacing them. Others such as tapered roller bearings can be cleaned inspected and repacked with grease. Use a can of spray brake cleaner to remove the old grease. Check the integrity of the cage holding the rollers in place. A loose wobbly cage is an indication of wear. Check the rollers for discoloration. Discoloration is an indication that the bearing has been subjected to excess heat and should be replaced. Always install a new race when replacing a bearing. Always install a new seal whenever servicing or replacing a bearing. Recommendations: Spray Brake cleaner Wheel bearing grease Wheel sealOperation: The parking brake on a drum brake system has a series of cables that when actuated from the driver's compartment moves the parking brake levers on both rear wheels, forcing the rear brake shoes against the friction surface of the drums to hold the vehicle in place. Advice: With the parking brake disengaged and the drum removed, check to ensure that the brake shoes are fully seated at the top and bottom anchors. If not the parking brake cable may be sticking internally and holding the brake shoes partially applied. A sticking parking brake cable should be replaced. Never adjust the parking brake cable until after normal brake shoe adjustment has been made. After normal brake shoe adjustment if the parking brake still does not hold the vehicle stationary, then the parking brake cable can be adjusted.Operation: Flushing the brake fluid removes old or contaminated brake fluid from the system replacing it with fresh brake fluid. Advice: Brake fluid is a hygroscopic fluid, which means that it is in its nature to absorb moisture from the air. Over time the amount of moisture accumulated will decrease the efficiency of the fluid to act hydraulically. Moisture in the brake fluid can also cause corrosion in the system. Brake fluid should be flushed every two years. Recommendations: Brake fluid

SECTION 206-02: Drum Brake 1999 Cougar Workshop Manual REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION Procedure revision date: 09/14/2001 Brake Shoes Removal

1. Loosen the wheel nuts.

1. Raise and support the vehicle. For additional information, refer to Section 100-02.

1. Remove the wheel.

1. Release the brake shoe automatic adjuster.

1. Remove the brake drum.
   1. Remove the retainers (if equipped).
   1. Remove the drum.

1. Make sure that the hub flange is in the correct position as shown.

1. Remove the hold down springs.

1. Disconnect the parking brake cable.
   1. Lever the secondary shoe outwards.
   1. Disconnect the cable from the secondary shoe.

1. Disconnect the shoes from the anchor block.
   1. Disconnect the shoes from the anchor block.
   1. Remove the lower return spring.

1. CAUTION: Do not damage the wheel cylinder boots.
   Detach the shoes from the wheel cylinder.

1. Hold the wheel cylinder pistons in place with a rubber band.

1. Remove the upper return spring.

1. Remove the primary shoe from the strut and brake shoe adjuster.
   1. Rotate the adjuster counterclockwise.
   1. Remove the primary shoe.

1. CAUTION: Take care as the strut support spring is under tension.
   Detach the secondary shoe from the strut support.
   • Detach the strut from the shoe by levering the strut against the shoe.

1. Remove the parking brake return spring.

Installation
NOTE: Install new shoes as axle sets.

1. Clean, check and apply Silicon Dielectric Compound D742-18A331-A or equivalent meeting Ford specification ESA-M1C171-A to the backing plate contact points.

1. Install the parking brake return spring.

1. Install the secondary shoe to the strut and brake shoe adjuster.

1. Install the primary shoe to the strut and brake shoe adjuster.
   1. Install the primary shoe.
   1. Rotate the adjuster fully clockwise.

1. Install the upper return spring.

1. Remove the rubber band holding the wheel cylinder pistons in place.

1. CAUTION: Do not damage the wheel cylinder boots.
   Position the shoes to the wheel cylinder.

1. Position the shoes to the anchor block.
   1. Install the lower return spring.
   1. Position the shoes to the anchor block.

1. Install the hold down springs.

1. Install the parking brake cable.
   1. Lever the secondary shoe outwards.
   1. Install the cable to the secondary shoe.

1. Install the brake drum.
   1. Install the drum.
   1. Install the retainers (if equipped).

1. Install the wheel.

1. Operate the brake pedal to achieve automatic adjustment.

After you remove the tire, the drim should slide off. If it doesn't then try using a rubber mallet and gently tap on the outside edge as you pull on it. Sometimes you also need to tap on the drum in the center part. I have sprayed penetrating lubes like WD-40 or PB Blaster into the seam at the center. You may also have to back off the parking brake cable or even use the adjuster to back off the shoes.

1989-97 Vehicles Drum Brakes (Let me know if you need the Disc Brake Instructions)

1. Raise and safely support the vehicle.
   
2. Remove the rear wheel and tire assemblies, then remove the brake drum.
   
   
   
   
   
   Fig. 4: View of the drum brake assembly with the drum removed
   
   
   
   
   
   
   Fig. 5: Use a commercially available brake spray to clean the
   components before removal
   
   
   
   
3. Install Brake Cylinder Clamp D81L-1103-B or equivalent, over the ends of the
   rear wheel cylinder.
   
4. Disconnect the parking brake cable from the parking brake lever.
   
   
   
   
   
   Fig. 6: Detach the parking brake cable and conduit from the
   parking brake lever
   
   
   
   
5. Remove the 2 brake shoe hold-down retainers, springs and pins.
   
6. Spread the brake shoes over the piston shoe guide slots. Lift the brake
   shoes, springs and adjuster off the backing plate as an assembly. Be careful not
   to bend the adjusting lever.
   
   
   
   
   
   Fig. 7: Lift the brake shoes, springs and adjuster off the
   backing plate as an assembly
   
   
   
   
7. Remove the adjuster spring. To separate the shoes, remove the retracting
   springs.
   
8. Remove the parking brake lever retaining clip and spring washer. Remove the
   lever from the pin.
   
   
   
   
   
   Fig. 8: Drum brake components - 1995 vehicle shown
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   Fig. 9: Exploded view of the drum brake components, removed
   from the vehicle
   
   To install:
   
   
9. Apply a light coating of caliper slide grease to the backing plate brake
   shoe contact areas.
   
10. Apply a light coat of lubricant to the threaded areas of the adjuster screw
    and socket. Assemble the brake adjuster with the stainless steel washer. Turn
    the socket all the way down on the screw, then back off 1?2 turn.
    
11. Install the parking brake lever to the trailing shoe with the spring washer
    and a new retaining clip. Crimp the clip to securely retain the lever.
    
12. Position the trailing shoe on the backing plate and attach the parking brake
    cable. Position the leading shoe on the backing plate and attach the lower
    retracting spring to the brake shoes.
    
13. Install the adjuster assembly to the slots in the brake shoes. The socket
    end must fit into the wider slot in the leading shoe. The slot in the adjuster
    nut must fit into the slots in the trailing shoe and parking brake lever.
    
    
    
    
    
    Fig. 10: Install the adjuster assembly in the slots in the
    brake shoes
    
    
    
    
    
14. Install the adjuster lever on the pin on the leading shoe and to the slot in
    the adjuster socket.
    
15. Install the upper retracting spring in the slot on the trailing shoe and the
    slot in the adjuster lever. The adjuster lever should contact the star and
    adjuster assembly.
    
16. Install the brake shoe anchor pins, springs and retainers. Remove the brake
    cylinder clamp tool
    
17. Install the brake drum, wheel and tire assemblies and lower the vehicle.
    
18. Apply the brakes several times while backing up the vehicle. After each
    stop, the vehicle must be moved forward.
    
    

Brake Shoes Removal & Installation Duo-Servo Type To Remove:

1. Raise the vehicle and support it safely.
2. Remove the tire and wheel assembly.
3. Remove the brake drums.
4. Using a brake tool, remove the shoe return springs.
5. Remove the shoe guide.
6. Remove the hold-down springs and pins.
7. Remove the actuator lever and pivot.
8. Remove the lever return spring.
9. Remove the actuator link, parking brake strut, spring retaining ring.
10. Remove the parking brake lever and washer.
11. Remove the shoe assemblies.
12. Remove the adjuster screw and spring from the shoe assembly.

To Install:

1. Use brake cleaning fluid to remove dirt from the brake drum. Check the drums for scoring, cracks and for out-of-round; service the drums as necessary.
2. Check the wheel cylinders by carefully pulling the lower edges of the wheel cylinder boots away from the cylinders. If there is excessive leakage, the inside of the cylinder will drip fluid; repair or replace as necessary.
3. Check the flange plate, which is located around the axle, for leakage of differential lubricant.
4. Lightly lubricate the parking brake cable, parking brake lever where it enters the shoe and the backing plate-to-shoe contact points. Use high temperature, waterproof, grease or special brake lube.
5. Install the parking brake lever into the secondary shoe with the attaching bolt, spring washer, lockwasher, and nut. It is important that the lever move freely before the shoe is attached. Move the assembly and check for proper action.
6. Lubricate the adjusting screw and make sure it works freely.
7. Connect the adjuster screw and spring to the bottom portion of both shoes. Ensure the spring does not interfere with the adjuster rotation when installed. The primary (smaller shoe pad area) to the front and secondary shoe (larger shoe pad area) to the rear of the vehicle.
8. Install the shoe assembly. Ensuring the shoe webs are positioned correctly against the wheel cylinder.
9. Install the parking brake cable.
10. Secure the primary shoes with the hold-down pin and spring.
11. Install the parking brake strut and the strut spring.
12. Install the actuator lever and pivot, securing the assembly with the hold-down pin and spring. Install the actuator link and spring.
13. Install the return springs.
14. Check the operation of the self-adjusting mechanism by moving the actuating lever by hand.
15. Adjust the brakes and install the drum.
16. Adjust the parking brake.
17. Install the tire and wheel assembly.
18. Lower the vehicle.

Leading-Trailing Type To Remove:

1. Raise the vehicle and support it safely.
2. Remove the tire and wheel assembly.
3. Remove the brake drums.
4. Raise the lever arm of the actuator until the upper end is clear of the slot in the adjuster screw.
5. Slide the actuator off the adjuster pin. Disconnect the actuator spring from the shoe.
6. Remove the hold-down spring assemblies and pins.
7. Pull the bottom ends of the shoes apart and lift the lower return spring over the anchor plate. Allow the shoe ends to come together and remove the spring.
8. Remove the shoe assembly, along with the upper return spring and the adjusting screw assembly.
9. Remove the upper return spring and the adjusting screw assembly from the shoes.
10. Remove the retaining ring, pin, spring washer, and parking brake lever.

Typical rear drum brake assembly (Leading/Trailing type)

To Install:

1. Clean adjuster wheel and the backing plates with a suitable cleaner. Lubricate the backing plate contact points, levers and adjuster with a suitable lubricant.
2. Assemble the parking lever, spring washer (concave side facing the brake lever), pin, and retaining ring onto the rearward shoe.
3. Install the adjuster pin in the forward shoe with the pin projecting 0.276 in. (7mm) from the side of the shoe web where the adjuster actuator is installed.
4. With the brake shoes resting on a flat surface (the shoe with the parking lever to the rear of the vehicle), install the upper return spring.
5. Install the adjuster screw assembly with the spring clip facing the backing plate.
6. Place the shoes in position on the backing plate. Do not place the lower shoe webs under the anchor plate.
7. Install the lower return spring, spread the bottom of the shoes and position the shoe against the backing plate.
8. Install the hold-down pins and spring assemblies.
9. Install the adjuster actuator over the end of the adjuster pin so the top leg engages the notch in the adjuster screw.
10. Install the actuator spring, being careful not to over-stretch it more than 3.27 in. (83mm).
11. Install the parking brake cable to the lever.
12. Adjust the parking brake if the shoes will not totally retract.
13. Install the drum, tire and wheel assembly. Adjust the rear brakes and lower the vehicle.

the outer seals to the wheel cylinder are bad. Replace that item

Forward Braking
The actuating force for the wheel brake is generated during braking of the towing vehicle, as the trailer tends to overrun and
pushes the drawtube in. This force is transmitted to the expander devices in the wheel brakes via the overrun lever, brake rod,
compensator and brake cables.
As a result, the brake shoes are pressed against the brake drum. The resulting friction from contact of brake linings and drum
produces the required braking.
On releasing the brake on the towing vehicle, the drawtube returns to its original position and the brake shoes are released from
the drums by means of the tension springs.
Auto-Reverse
During reversing the drawtube is pushed in and the brake shoes press against the drum (as in forward braking).
When the trailer wheels are in reverse, the reverse rotation, combined with the friction generated from drum and lining contact,
causes the sliding shoe to slide on its carrier towards the adjuster.
This displaces the sliding shoe radially inwards away from the drum. The drawtube may then travel fully to its end stop without
applying further force to the brake shoes and the trailer can be reversed without any difficulties.
Changing direction from reverse to forward travel results in the drawtube being pulled out, allowing the sliding shoes to be
returned to the forward braking position by means of the tension springs.
From this guide which contains more information also.

you need to inspect your backing plates for grooves in the pads where the brake shoes contact the backing plate. during a break job these spots are supposed to be lubed with proper non grease brake backing plate lube. some people use never sieze compound... also make sure brake shoes were installed correctly having the primary and secondary shoe correctly in it's place, if you have grooves in your backing plates then the shoes will bounce up and down as they move across the groves this will make a clicking noise, also have seen cracked brake drums make noise... give close inspection with wheels off , if you can jack rear of car off ground support with jack stands , chalk front wheels , then remove wheels on both sides but use a lug nut to hold brake drum on securley, now have someone watch and listen and watch as you let wheels spin under power of engine at low rpm , inspect and watch for possible clues...please rate my help, thanks...

Drum, Rear Brake System Standard Rear Brake

Item Part Number Description 1 2069 Brake Shoe Hold-Down Spring Pin 2 — Rear Wheel Cylinder Retaining Bolt (2 Req'd) 3 — Washer (2 Req'd) 4 — Anchor Pin (Part of 2211) 5 — Wheel Cylinder 6 2028 Brake Shoe Anchor Pin Guide Plate 7 2A637 Parking Brake Lever 8 2296 Brake Shoe Retracting Spring (Short) 9 2296 Brake Shoe Retracting Spring (Long) 10 2200 Rear Brake Shoe and Lining (Secondary) 11 — Washer 12 2106 Parking Brake Lever Pin Retainer 13 — Brake Shoe Adjusting Lever Cable Guide 14 2A642 Primary Brake Shoe Parking Brake Lever Link 15 2A601 Parking Brake Link Spring 16 2068 Brake Shoe Hold-Down Spring 17 2A176 Brake Shoe Adjusting Lever 18 2048 Brake Shoe Adjusting Screw Socket 19 2047 Brake Shoe Adjusting Screw Nut 20 2041 Brake Adjusting Screw 21 2049 Brake Shoe Adjusting Screw Spring 22 2200 Rear Brake Shoe and Lining (Primary) 23 2A178 Brake Shoe Adjusting Lever Cable 24 2211 Brake Backing Plate
Heavy Duty Rear Brake

Item Part Number Description 1 — Rear Wheel Cylinder Retaining Bolt 2 00538 Lock Nut 3 2212 Rear Brake Backing Plate 4 2262 Rear Wheel Cylinder 5 2A642 Primary Brake Shoe Parking Brake Lever Link 6 2A601 Parking Brake Link Spring 7 2A637 Parking Brake Lever 8 2106 Parking Brake Lever Pin Retainer 9 — Parking Brake Lever Bolt 10 — Secondary Shoe Assembly 11 2A179 Brake Shoe Adjusting Lever Cable Guide 12 2068 Brake Shoe Hold-Down Spring 13 — Adjusting Lever Pin 14 — Adjusting Lever Return Spring 15 2A176 Brake Shoe Adjusting Lever 16 2047 Brake Shoe Adjusting Screw Nut 17 2049 Brake Shoe Adjusting Screw Spring 18 2041 Brake Adjuster Screw 19 — Primary Shoe Assembly 20 2068 Brake Shoe Hold-Down Spring 21 2200 Rear Brake Shoe and Lining 22 2035 Brake Shoe Retracting Spring 23 2A178 Brake Shoe Adjusting Lever Cable 24 2092 Brake Adjusting Hole Cover 25 2069 Brake Shoe Hold-Down Spring Pin
The rear drum brakes:

• Have internal shoes that expand against the brake drum (1126).
• Are a single-anchor type.
• Are actuated by one rear wheel cylinder (2262).
• Have two pistons in the rear wheel cylinder (2261). One exerts force against the upper end of the primary shoe; the other exerts force against the upper end of the secondary shoe.
• Adjust rear brake shoes and linings (2200) automatically.
• Need manual brake adjustment if the adjusters are not operating properly or after the rear brake shoes and linings have been replaced.

When the brake pedal is applied, hydraulic fluid pressure forces the pistons in the rear wheel cylinder outward, moving the rear brake shoes and linings against the brake drum.
The rear drum brake system includes the parking brake mechanism. Refer to Section 206-05 .