Air flow direction for the compressor motor, should it be pulling are away from the compressor, or pushing air into the compressor?

Try putting another coupling directly on the tank.

Usually there are 2 gauges. The first one shows the pressure in the air tank and the second on shows the pressure that you like to let out.
So on top of the second gauge there is a pressure regulator. To adjust you have to grab the round object on top of the second gauge pull upp then rotate to adjust air flow.

clear the air way for circulation

Well, the answer is yes. I have seen a bad capacitor cause a fan motor to run backwards. BUT..... After replacing the capacitor and WIRING it up the right way, everything should be fine. A lot of aftermarket condenser fan motors are reversible, so it can run counter-clockwise (CCW) or clock-wise (CW). However, most factory fan motors come one directional and on your specific unit, the air should always push out of the top. Running the unit with the fan going backwards will actually some-what do it's job, but damage other components like the compressor because it runs at higher operating pressures than what it is designed for.

Have someone else look at it! That's going to be the best advice I can give you. If they can prove that a capacitor caused the motor to permanently run backwards..... I want to know! Hope this helps and good luck with your unit.

Blower switch or diode is shot

There is no unloader on a 2340N5 compressor. However there is a pressure switch that cuts the motor on an off. Located inside of the pressure switch is an air bleeder. When the pressure switch is opened the motor is shut off. A small lever in the pressure switch pushes down on the bleeder valve which lets the air on the compressor head to be released. This allows the the compressor to start up freely. There should be some air heard bleeding off at the pressure switch. If air continues to bleed off all the time the tank check valve is leaking.

If air is leaking back thru the compressor an air leak sound coming from around the air filter (intake) you have a valve leaking allowing trapped pressure to escape thru the air filter (Intake).

I would search the web for a flow chart. I have not seen one.

Air flows from the inside through the air filter and into the AC unit. The evaporator coil "cools" the air and the blower pushes the air back into the area to be cooled.

Hope this helps and good luck! :-)

Usually you cannot adjust the cut out pressure of the tank/motor itself, this is why they have regulators, which regulates the pressure flowing down the air lines (regulators like these dont regulate actual tank pressure cutout). To regulate air flow using the regulator knob, you actually have to have air flowing through the hose while you make the regulator/pressure adjustments as regulators regulate pressure DOWNSTREAM from the actual regulator itself.. so air flowing through is a must. Attach an air blower or something similar and let air start flowing through the hose. Now turn your regulator knob in the "-" direction to decrease regulated pressure. It is best to bring pressure all the way down to "0" first, then open the regulator up (by turning to the "+" side) and pressure will rise until you get to the desired pressure needed for the air tool in use. The tank pressure will still be between 80-125 PSI as the motor regulates and keeps the pressure in the tank between these values automatically, but your line/hose air flow pressure will remain at the regulated pressure (say 40 PSI or whatever you set using the regulator knob).

Hope that helps and makes sense.

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This really depends on the manufacturer and their preference on design. First, the fins at the compressor are part of the condensing coil. Most all makers have air pulled into the condenser coil and blown across the compressor. You should be moving room temerature air across the condenser and the air from that is usually then moved across the compressor.

Hope this helps clear it up .

When ever you hear a buzzing like you are hearing means one thing one of the fuses on the outside disconnect box is bad. Only getting 1/2 the power. Find the bad fuse and get the same size and will be good to go. ken