How do I adjust tension?
Probably best to consult your owner's manual. If you don't have one, search the internet for:
Manufacturer + Model + the word "Manual"
HINT--BEFORE threading the upper thread, raise the presser foot so the thread will seat properly in the tension disk. Verify that you are threading everything correctly and not missing any steps.
The upper tension is the dial usually directly above the needle. About the halfway point between the high and low number is the standard factory setting, but that may have changed over time. Start with it set at that point and test, re-adjust, test... For most machines, the higher the number, the tighter the tension.
Correct tension is when the upper and bobbin threads meet in the middle of the fabric. If the bobbin tension is coming to the top of the fabric, the tension is too tight. If the upper thread is showing on the bottom of the fabric or is creating a loopy mess, the upper tension is too loose.
In most cases, the bobbin tension doesn't need adjusting. However, when you get into more adventurous sewing when you load different types of thread, ribbon, elastic, etc. in the bobbin, you might want to adjust the bobbin tension. In any event, be sure to mark the screwdriver slot setting on the bobbin case so you will be able to undue any adjustments you make. And, make only 1/8th turn adjustments at a time and then re-test. Small changes to bobbin tension will make a big impact in stitch quality. Some sewists will buy an extra bobbin case to keep on hand just for special projects.
Also, note that the upper tension will probably need re-adjustment when changing projects with different types or weights of fabric, thread, and needle. Get used to adjusting the upper tension to get the best stitch possible on every project.
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