Seem to have been a power surge how can i prevent another one and could i claim through house insurence

The only thing I can suggest for this is to take and unplug the charger from the laptop (not at the wall) and turn over the laptop and remove the battery. There should be one/two little plastic tabs near the battery that can be moved one way to release the battery. If there is two one generally is just a lock on and the other has a spring loaded tab to hold it in place.