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First you will need to get a hold of a digital or analog multimeter and set it for 2 Volts DC. You'll need to check the pilot generator is putting out enough voltage to operate the heater beyond maintaining the pilot solenoid valve. Put the black probe to the white generator lead and the red probe to the red generator lead. Make sure the heater system toggle switch and/or thermostat are turned off for now. You should read ~400mV or more. On a 2 Volt scale it will read 0.450 or so. Anything over 400 is generally acceptable. With the probes still in place turn everything on and see if the voltage drops into the 300mV range or lower. If it does the heater is trying to light the burner but for some reason it cannot. Please comment with your readings for more advice. If the meter does not read much or any drop in voltage something in the safety circuit is open and preventing the heater from firing. Your safety circuit is a string of several switches all strung together in a row with the gas valve at the end and the beginning of said string. Any one switch being open or a bad connection anywhere in the circuit and the heater will not fire. You task is to remove one end of the circuit from the valves TH or TT post and put one end of you meter on that wire and the other end on the TH/PP terminal. It will likely read infinite resistance. Leave one meter lead where it is and remove the other. Follow the circuit from the connected lead up to the first switch. Check continuity from the lead left connected to both sides of the switch. If there is continuity to both sides the switch is fine. Keep moving from switch to switch until you find the bad switch or connection. There may be more than one. When the circuit is working properly and there is nothing within the heater to cause it to shut off you should have 5 ohms or less across the entire circuit. Once you get the reading to that level the heater will work as it should If you are not familiar with the process I described you would be better served hiring a pool technician to perform this repair as you can cause significant damage to the heater if you do not repair it properly.
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