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According to this article, the 2.2 engine has a timing chain.
To see if the chain is bad it is best to take off the timing cover in order to see it the timing marks are correctly lined up because the chain may not have broken, but have jumped several teeth on the sprocket.
Crankshaft Position - Camshaft Position Correlation
What does this mean?
OBD Code P0016refers to
The crankshaft position sensor (CKP) and Camshaft position sensor (CMP) work in harmony to control the spark/fuel delivery and timing. They both consist of a reluctor, or tone, ring which passes over a magnetic sensor, which generates a voltage, indicating position. The crankshaft sensor is part of the primary ignition system and functions as the "trigger". It detects the position of the crankshaft relays that information on to the PCM or the ignition module (depending on the vehicle) to control spark timing. The Camshaft position sensor detects the position of the camshafts and relays the information to the PCM. The PCM uses the CMP signal to identify the beginning of the injector sequence. What ties these two shafts and their sensors together is the timing belt or chain. The cam and crank should be precisely timed together. If the PCM detects that the Crank and Cam signals are out of time by a specific number of degrees, this P0016 code will set.
Symptoms
Possible sumptoms of OBD code P0016
Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL) illumination The engine may run but with reduced performance The engine may crank but not start The engine may exhibit a rattle near the harmonic balancer indicating the tone ring is damaged The engine may start and run, but poorly
Causes
Possible causes of OBD code P0016
Timing chain stretched, or timing belt skipped a tooth due to wear Misalignment of timing belt/chain Tone ring on crankshaft slipped/broken Tone ring on camshaft slipped/broken Bad crank sensor Bad cam sensor Damaged wiring to crank/cam sensor Timing belt/chain tensioner damaged
Possible Solutions
First, visually inspect the cam and crank sensors and their harnesses for damage. If you notice broken/frayed wires, repair and recheck. If you have access to a scope, check the cam and crank patterns. If a pattern is missing, suspect a bad sensor or a slipping tone ring. Remove the cam gear and the crankshaft harmonic balancer and inspect the tone rings for proper alignment and make sure they're not loose or damaged or that they haven't sheared the key that aligns them. If they are properly installed, replace the sensor. If the signal appears normal, then check the timing chain/belt for proper alignment. If it's misaligned, check for a damaged tensioner that may have allowed the chain/belt to slip a tooth or several teeth. Also check that the belt/chain isn't stretched. Repair and recheck.
With the milage your vehicle has , I would assume the timing chain is stretched. To check timing chain, take off the distributor cap, turn engine by hand clockwise till the distributor rotor begins turning. When you stop turning it start to turn back the opposite direction while watching the rotor, there should be no delay between the time you start to turn engine,and the time the rotor begins to turn. If there is any delay, then the timing chain needs to be replaced.
no way of doing so. need to remove cover. i have been doing this since 1996 and have never seen chain driven nissan jump timing. have seen some timing belt cars jump, but never chain driven engines. i think you have something else going on. i have done many and many timing chain jobs on frontiers and maximas, but not for a timing chain jumping issue. upper timing chain shoes wear out and engine gets noisy. i have to say i have seen some with the primary chain stretched a bit, but car still ran fine.
Not common unless the car has not been maintained. Without regular oil changes, the chain eventually stretches, the sprockets wear, and then the chain may jump a tooth. It is more common with overhead cams, because the chains are much longer and rely on tensioners that wear out.
A car with a timing belt will jump time for several reasons, the belt dries out and the teeth strip off the belt, the tensioner or guide wear and fail, the belt can stretch over the years causing it to jump the sprockets. A car with a timing chain can jump because many were made with cam gears that had plastic teeth and they wore out, or the gear was made out of a casting that wore out, or the chain stretched replacement cam gears were usually made out of steel. Bob Bristol Magic Collision
Timing chain stretched, or timing belt skipped a tooth due to wear
Misalignment of timing belt/chain
Tone ring on crankshaft slipped/broken
Tone ring on camshaft slipped/broken
Bad crank sensor
Bad cam sensor
Damaged wiring to crank/cam sensor
Timing belt/chain tensioner damaged
First, visually inspect the cam and crank sensors and their harnesses for damage.
If you notice broken/frayed wires, repair and recheck.
If you have access to a scope, check the cam and crank patterns. If a pattern is
missing, suspect a bad sensor or a slipping tone ring. Remove the cam gear and the
crankshaft harmonic balancer and inspect the tone rings for proper alignment and
make sure they're not loose or damaged or that they haven't sheared the key that
aligns them. If they are properly installed, replace the sensor.
If the signal appears normal, then check the timing chain/belt for proper
alignment. If it's misaligned, check for a damaged tensioner that may have allowed
the chain/belt to slip a tooth or several teeth. Also check that the belt/chain
isn't stretched. Repair and recheck.
The 4.6 Liter SOHC Ford engine is equipped with two timing chains. One chain drives the right side camshaft and the other chain drives the left side camshaft
Timing chains do need to be replaced but they can typically go much longer between being serviced than can timing belts. The chain will stretch out over time and can 'jump' timing. If you have an interference engine then that can prove disastrous as the piston can crash into the valves.
Its not terribly common for a timing chain to jump timing but not impossible. I have a vehicle with nearly 120k with a timing chain and its never been replaced and is still in good shape, I have another vehicle with 170k also with a timing chain that has never been replaced.
If it were me and I was going to be doing some work in that area and had easy enough access to the timing chain, and the mileage was getting up there, I would replace it. Timing chains typically also have a tensioner, so if you replace it, dont forget this item.
This engine doesn't have a timing belt and that vacuum is way too good to think the valve timing is off. Far more likely you've got a bad crank or cam sensor or a wiring issue than a jumped chain. ALWAYS start with the weakest link instead of jumping the conclusion that it's something major. There's a complete troubleshooting procedure in the shop manual. Try alldatadiy.com or eautorepair.net
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